Wednesday, February 25, 2009

CNC machine tool repair technology

With the electronic technology and automation technology, NC technology more widely. To microprocessor-based, large-scale integrated circuits marked CNC equipment, has been in our production, substantial introduction and popularization and application, they give the machine manufacturing industry created conditions for development, and bring great benefits. But at the same time, because of their advanced nature, complexity, and intelligent high, in the repair theory, technology and means to have taken place on changes in leaps and bounds.

CNC repair technology is not only a prerequisite for the protection of the normal operation of CNC technology development and improvement also has played an enormous role in promoting, Therefore, at present, it has become a specialized discipline.
In addition any CNC equipment is a process control equipment, which requires real-time control in every moment of the accuracy of work. Any part of the fault and failure, it will enable the machine tool downtime, resulting in the production of a standstill. Numerical control system and thus the complexity of such a principle, structural repair sophisticated devices it is very necessary. In particular, the introduction of CNC machine tools, most of them spent hundreds of thousands to tens of millions of dollars. In many industries, these devices are at a critical job, if not a timely manner after failure troubleshooting repair, will result in greater economic losses.
We repair the existing situation and the level of imported equipment and the design and manufacture of technical level there are still a large gap. Of the underlying reasons are: poor quality of personnel, lack of analysis of digital test instruments, the number of domain-domain and frequency domain and several aspects of the integrated test and analysis techniques to be improve and so on.
Here we have a modern CNC system constitutes the basic starting point to explore the numerical control system diagnosis and repair.
One numerical control system with the characteristics of the composition
The world a wide range of CNC system, the form of different structural components have their own characteristics. These structural characteristics of the system from the initial design of the basic requirements and engineering design ideas. Points such as control systems and continuous trajectory control system there is different requirements. The T system and the M system, also have vastly different, the former applied to Rotary Parts processing, which fit in the special-shaped non-rotating body parts processing. For different manufacturers is based on the historical development of factors and vary from place to place each of the complex of factors, may also be thinking in the design is different. For example, the United States Dynapath system uses a small plate structure, easy and flexible combination of the replacement board, while Japan FANUC system tended large panel structure to facilitate the work of the system reliability to the system MTBF rates rising. In either system, however, they constitute the basic principles and are very similar. In general the entire CNC system consists of three major components, namely, control system, servo system and position measuring system. Control system for processing workpieces by computing interpolation procedures, issued instructions to the servo drive control system; servo drive control system will command magnified, by the servo motor-driven machinery required to exercise; measurement system Detect mechanical position or velocity of the exercise, and feedback to the control system, to amend the control orders. Organic combination of the three-part form the complete closed-loop control of the CNC system.
Control system mainly by bus, CPU, power supply, memory, operating panels and displays, digital control unit, programmable logic controller control unit and data input / output interface and so on. The latest generation of CNC system also includes a communication unit, it can complete the CNC, PLC's internal data communications and external high network. Servo drive systems, including servo drives and motors. Position measurement system is mainly the use of long or round grating grating incremental displacement encoder.
The main features of numerical control system are: high reliability requirements: because once the CNC system failure, that is a tremendous economic loss; has a higher ability to adapt the environment, because the general numerical control system for industrial control machine, the working environment for the workshop environment, the requirements it has in the vibration, high temperature, humidity and various industrial sources of interference conditions and the ability to work under; interface circuit complexity, numerical control system with a variety of CNC equipment and peripherals to match, it is necessary to deal with the production process at any time in various situations, to adapt to a variety of process equipment requirements, and thus the complexity of the interface circuit, and frequent job.
2 Modern numerical control system of the basic conditions for repair job
2.1 Maintenance of the basic conditions for staff
Repair work was good or bad depends on the staff first of all conditions, the maintenance staff must possess the following requirements:
(1) a high degree of responsibility and good professional ethics;
(2) broad knowledge to master computer technology, basic analog and digital circuits, automatic control and electric drag, detection techniques and aspects of the machining process knowledge and a certain basic level of foreign language proficiency;
(3) After a good technical training, information on the CNC, drive and PLC's working principle, know how to CNC programming and programming languages;
(4) are familiar with the structure, with strong experimental skills and hands-capacity;
(5) have a variety of commonly used (especially the scene) of the test apparatus, instrumentation and various tools.
2.2 means in the repair should be the conditions
(1) ready to commonly used spare parts, accessories;
(2) micro-electronic components can be the actual support or supply;
(3) the necessary repair tools, instruments, meters, cables, computer. Have the best small-scale programming system or programmer to debug support equipment;
(4) complete information, manuals, circuit diagram, maintenance instructions (including the CNC operator instructions), and the interface, adjust with the diagnosis, specification-driven, PLC specification (including the PLC user program alone), components forms.
2.3 Preparation before the repair
Receiving the user's direct request, as far as possible direct contact with the user in order to access the site information as soon as possible, on-site conditions and fault information. Such as CNC machine tool spindle drive into the given model, the police instructions or failure phenomenon, the user site, such as the availability of spare parts. Accordingly pre-analysis of the cause of the malfunction that may arise with the site, then before the departure to the scene, ready-related technical information and repair service tool, apparatus, spare parts and so on, have prepared to do away.
3-site repair
Field repair of CNC machine tool breakdown (mainly NC part) for the diagnosis, identify the fault location to the corresponding normal parts replacement, so that machine to resume normal operation. This process are the key to diagnosis, that is, the system or the external line test to determine whether the fault, and fault location pointed out that the exact location of fault. From the machine to plug line positioning plate, and in some occasions even locate components. This is a major part of the repair job.
3.1 Numerical Control System Fault Diagnosis
(1) initial identification is usually a more full-time in the data through data analysis to determine where the fault, or interface signal law judge in accordance with the phenomenon of fault location fault may occur, and then in accordance with the fault with this part of the specific characteristics of each site inspection preliminary identification. In practical applications, it may be a way to find fault and to remove, and sometimes required a number of ways and used. Point of failure for a variety of ways to determine mastery of the extent of the malfunction of equipment depends primarily on the principle and structure of the depth of grasp.
(2) report to the police report to the police deal with the treatment ① system: CNC system failure, a general in the operation panel display or give fault signal and the corresponding information. Usually manual system or adjust the manual has detailed alarm number, alarm content and methods of treatment. Because of the alarm system set up a single, complete, tight, clear and repair may be based on the back of each alarm information and give way to deal with their own treatment. ② machine alarm information and operation of the treatment: Machine Tool Machine Tool factory in accordance with the electrical characteristics of the application of PLC program will be able to reflect some of the electrical machine control interface failure or operator specific information signs, displays give through and through specific keys, see a more detailed description of the alarm. This type of alarm can be provided in accordance with werkzeugmaschinenfabrik troubleshooting manual treatment, can also use the operation panel or the programmer circuit diagram and the PLC in accordance with procedures, to identify the corresponding signal state, according to the logical relationship to identify the point of failure to deal with.
(3) No alarm or alarm failure could not deal with the PLC when the system can not run, system downtime or system has not reported to the police but is not working correctly when required in accordance with pre-and post-fault system state information, the use of the available theoretical basis for analysis , make the right judgments. Elaborated the following fault diagnosis and rule out the possibility of such approaches.
Fault diagnosis method of conventional test
Visual visual fault plate, carefully check for blown fuses, components charred, smoked, cracking phenomenon, whether or not the phenomenon of foreign body circuit. As can be judged, and whether the board over-current, over voltage, short circuit and so on.
Hand touch and components, especially the resistance-capacitance, semiconductor devices sense whether or not loose as can check out some broken legs,and so on.
Electricity first used a multimeter to check whether the circuit between the various power, such as free access to the corresponding power supply, whether visual smoke, brand and other phenomena, whether or not abnormal hand components fever, this can be found in some of the more obvious failures, and to narrow the scope of overhaul.
For example: a factory in Harbin troubleshooting, the machine tool CNC system and the PLC is running normal, but the machine's hydraulic system will not boot, and check the PLC programmer process operating normally, the signal state are required to meet the conditions of the boot. Further inspection found, PLC signal state with the drawings and equipment marking inconsistencies, parking pull-out circuit board inspection and found that PLC 2 output boards addressing wrong, wrong location and another two by the exchange after the normal operation of machine tools. For this failure happen machine used in SIMATIC S5-150K programmable controller, as long as the addressing is correct, regardless of the location of the circuit board will be how to order, the system can be normal operation, but the implementation of the corresponding components and signal source must be correctly counterparts, once the corresponding fault error occurs, and even damage machine tools. In addition, according to users fault phenomenon, combined with their own on-site observation, the use of the system working principle can also quickly make the right judgments.
Instrument measurements when the system broke down after using conventional electrical testing instruments, tools, machine tool according to the system circuit diagrams and circuit diagrams of fault part of the voltage, power supply, such as pulse signal measured to determine where fault. Such as power supply input voltage overrun, causing power supply voltage meter measurements can be used to monitor the network voltage, or voltage tester with real-time monitoring to rule out other causes. Such as position control loop fault happened oscilloscope can be used to check the signal measurement circuit state, or oscilloscope to observe the signal output phase is missing, whether or not interference. For example, a factory in Shanghai in troubleshooting, system alarm, the location of ring hardware failure, using oscilloscopes have detected interference signal, we then used in circuit capacitance method to filter out the system working correctly. Emerging systems such as the reference point is unable to return to the situation that can be used to check whether the zero marker oscilloscope pulse, could be considered if there is no measurement system are damaged.
PLC controller with programmable interrupt state analysis: programmable logic controller failure, the reasons for their interruption of the way to break the stack memory. Programmer can use to stop in the system state, out of the stack and interrupt stack block, according to the instructions of their reasons for failure to identify the host. Programmable Logic Controller in the repair of this is the most common way to effectively and rapidly.
Interface signal examination: through the use of programmable logic controller to check machine tool control system interface signals and the correct manual and interface signals relative ratio, also found the corresponding point of failure.
Diagnosis of spare parts to replace Law: Most modern CNC system is modular design, divided according to different functions in different modules, with modern technology, the development of the integrated circuit the increasing scale of technology is also more complex, according to conventional methods, it is difficult to fault location to put a very small region, and when the system failure, in order to reduce downtime, we can according to the function module and fault phenomena, the initial judge the possible fault module, with the diagnosis of spare parts to replace it, so can quickly determine the The module has a fault. In the absence of diagnosed cases of spare parts can be used at the scene the same or compatible replacement module inspection, repair of the modern CNC, an increasing number of cases using this method of diagnosis, and then use the spare parts to replace damaged module, allowing the system to normal. The greatest extent possible to reduce downtime, use this method when they are in operation attention must be carried out in the blackout state, but also double-check the PCB version, model, a variety of markers, cross-access it the same as for the machine tool-related data and potentiometer position record should be prepared, should be well marked suture removal.
Use of system self-diagnostic function to determine: a modern CNC system in particular, are full-function NC has a strong ability to self-diagnosis, when the monitoring system through the implementation of the various parts of the job and promptly determine the failure, give the police information, and make corresponding action to avoid the accident. But sometimes when the hardware failure, will not be able to report to the police, and some numerical control system through the LED flashes different frequency or different combinations to make the corresponding instructions, these instructions can be used to help us accurately diagnose faults template. SINUMERIK 8 system such as MS100 CPU board in accordance with the four lights and operation panel FAULT bright lights out combinations can determine fault location.
The above diagnostic methods, in practical applications there is no strict time limits, may be able to use a method of troubleshooting may also require a number of ways at the same time. Its effect depends primarily on the principle of the system and structure of the depth of understanding and grasp, as well as the number of repair experience.
3.2 NC System Fault Analysis
Numerical control system in accordance with the composition, working principle and characteristics, combined with our experience in the repair will be a common phenomenon of fault location and fault analysis are as follows.
(1) This is the position loop control instructions issued by NC system, and position detection system compared to the value of the feedback to further complete the mission control of a key aspect. It has a very high frequency of job and peripherals connected, so prone to failure.
Common fault has: ① digital control loop warning: may be open loop measurements; measurement system damage, internal damage-bit ECU. ② instructions on the hair do not exercise, may be drifting too high, positive feedback, digital control unit breakdown; measurement component damage. ③ measurement component failure, the general performance without feedback value; machine can not return to reference point; high-speed pulse generator when the leak likely cause alarm or read the first grating are dirty; grating broken.
(2) Servo Drive System Servo drive system and power grid, and other associated mechanical systems, but also in the work has been in frequent start-up and running, so this is also part of larger failures.
Its main fault has: ① system damage. General because of the network voltage fluctuations or voltage shocks. Power quality in most areas of China's poor, will bring voltage transfinite machine, especially the moment overrun, such as non-specific voltage monitor, it will be difficult to detect, in the search when the cause of the malfunction, it is necessary to take note, there are Some reasons are because of special damage. Such as a factory in northern China because of lightning in the plant substation and caused many Power Units tools servo system damage. ② no control instructions, the electrical high-speed operation. This failure is due to the speed loop or open-loop positive feedback. Such as a factory in the northeast, the introduction of the Federal Republic of Germany Wotan rotor milling companies in debugging, the machine tool X-axis in the absence of instructions, the high-speed operation, by the analysis that we think are caused by positive feedback. Since the system zero drift, in the case of positive feedback, it will enable the rapid accumulation of motors at a high speed operation, and we check the line after the tag by completely correct, Machine Tool Plant technicians mistake then consider impossible in the full analysis and testing we will Reverse feedback line, the results of machine operating normally. Machine Tool Plant and technical personnel have to admit mistakes in the work of the German side. There is one example, we have a factory in Tianjin, training lectures should be the attitude of the management requirements of their Units from one plant into the plant have not been able to work properly after the repair of precision grinding machines for its failure are: 1 start motor on the machine running, but also a growing the sooner, until the maximum speed. Consider our analysis because of the speed loop are open, the system can not suppress drift caused. The reason is that after inspection line speed feedback received to the online result. ③ processing surface fail, go-for-axis circular interpolation to convex when Units, or electric low-speed crawling, or vibration, such failure is usually because of improper adjust servo system, the system does not gain the same axis or in connection with motor caused by inappropriate matching, the solution is optimized adjustment. ④ blown insurance, or motor overheated and burned, such failures are usually mechanical load is too large or the card die.
(3) part of the power supply system is to maintain a normal job to support the energy part of the failure or failures are caused by direct result of system downtime or damage to the entire system. General in Europe and the United States, relatively few of these questions, in the design considerations in this area much, but in China, because of volatile power supply, poor quality, but also to hide like a high-frequency pulse of this type of interference, plus man-made factors (such as sudden power outages, etc.). These reasons can cause power failure to monitor or damaged. In addition, the numerical control system to run some data, settings data and processing procedures stored in RAM memory in general, the system after power failure, battery backup power supply on or lithium batteries to maintain. Thus, a longer period of downtime, plug the power or memory can cause data loss, the system should not run.
(4) programmable logic controller interface numerical control system logic control,database management, hydraulic start and so on, mainly by the PLC to achieve, it is necessary to the completion of these controls must be collected on the status of the control point information, such as broken electrical , servo valves, lights and so on. Thus it with the outside world a wide range of variety of signal sources and the implementation of components linked to frequent changes, so the possibility of the failure of many more, but also the ever-changing fault type.
(5) other because of environmental conditions, such as interference, temperature, humidity exceed the scope of permit, improper operation, improper parameter settings, but also may result in downtime or failure. One factory has CNC equipment, the boot soon after the loss of NC ready signal, the system can not work, the examination revealed a very high body temperature because the ventilation filters have been blocked, causing the temperature sensor movements, replacement of filters, the system normal job. Not according to rules-swappable circuit boards, with or without protective measures, such as static electricity may cause malfunction or even destruction of system downtime.
General in the numerical control system design, use and repair, we must consider are frequently out of position to give alarm, alarm circuit after the job, on the one hand on the screen or operating panel give the police information, on the other hand the issue of interruption of the protective directive, allowing the system to stop working to identify and repair faults.
3.3 Troubleshooting Method
(1) initialization reset method under normal circumstances, because of the instantaneous system failure alarm, the available hardware reset or switch the system power in order to remove the fault, if the system is down because of storage areas, pluggable circuit board or battery voltage cause confusion, it must be cleared to initialize the system, removing the former should pay attention to make copies of data records, if initialization can not be ruled out after the fault is still, were carried out in hardware diagnosis.
(2) the parameters change, the program is more actual system parameters are determined based on system functions, parameter settings may cause errors on the system failure or a functional null and void. For example, a factory in Harbin rotor milling machine using a measurement of the circulatory system, the functional requirements have a background memory, debugging and found this feature can not be achieved. Examination revealed the background to determine the existence of memory data bit is not set, after setting the normal function. Sometimes, because of procedural errors can be caused by user downtime, which can be used search function block system to inspect and correct all errors, in order to ensure its normal operation.
(3) regulation, adjust the best method of regulation is one of the most simple solution. Potentiometer through regulation, to amend system failures. Such as a factory repair, the system displays the screen of their confusion, as adjusted to normal. A factory in Shandong, the spindle in the start-up and braking skid occurs when a belt because of its large spindle load torque, and drives the ramp-up time setting is too small, the adjusted normal.
Optimization are systematically adjust servo drive system and mechanical system was dragging achieve the best match of the integrated regulation of methods, their approach is very simple, with a multi-line recorder or dual trace storage oscilloscope, respectively, observation of instruction and speed feedback or current feedback response relationship. By regulating the speed regulator proportional coefficient and integral time, to make servo systems that have a higher dynamic response without oscillation of the best working condition. At the scene no oscilloscope or recorder of circumstances, based on experience, that is, adjust so that the electrical start-up, and then slowly adjust to the reverse, until you can eliminate the shock.
(4) replacement spare parts spare parts for the replacement of law with well diagnosed a bad circuit board, and make the corresponding initialization start, so that the normal operation of machine tools quickly, and then repair or rework bad board, which is currently ranked the most commonly used because approach.
(5) to improve the power quality of law is generally regulated power supply used to improve power supply fluctuations. For high-frequency interference filtering capacitor can be used by these preventive measures to reduce the power supply board failure.
(6) maintenance of information-tracking some of the large manufacturing company based on actual work because of design defects caused by accidental failure, have been revising and perfecting the system software or hardware. These changes to the form of constant repair information available to maintenance personnel. Used as the basis for troubleshooting can be completely correct troubleshooting.
3.4 repair should pay attention to matters
(1) removed from the machine on a piece of circuit board, the Record should be noted that their relative position should be to connect its cable for fixed installation of the circuit board, it should be removed before and after the press-fit parts and screws for record purpose. Demolition under the pressure parts and screws should be placed on a dedicated box, so as to avoid loss, the assembly, the box should be all things to use, otherwise the assembly is incomplete.
(2) electric soldering iron should be placed on the front easily, stay away from the circuit board repair. Jerdonii Dressing should be appropriate to meet the integrated circuit welding, and to avoid bumps when welding other components.
(3) measuring the resistance between lines should be broken power supply, measured resistance should be red and black table pen exchange measurements twice a year to a large value for the reference value.
(4) circuit board solder films have mostly brush, so measurements should be to find the corresponding point as the test spot, do not eradicate the solder film, and some board all the brush has the insulating layer, only in the solder joint Department with a blade and scratch - insulating layer.
(5) should not be arbitrarily cut off the printed circuit. Some maintenance personnel have some experience in home appliance repair, custom line check, but the numerical control devices are double-sided circuit board or metal plate of multi-hole plate, printing fine lines and dense, once cut off the hard welding, and easy to cut off tangent when the adjacent line, again some point, a cut off of a line, and should not make it and line out, required a few lines got cut off simultaneously.
(6) should not be components. Some maintenance personnel identifying fault components in the absence of circumstances that only the seat of your pants a component breaks down,immediately, so that a higher rate of miscarriage of justice, of the components removed artificially higher failure rate.
(7) should be used to demolish component suction device and suction tin tin rope, should not have the hardware check. The same heating pad should not be a long time and repeat the demolition to avoid damage to pad.
(8) replacement of the device, the pin should be an appropriate treatment, welding welding should not be used in acidic oil.
(9) Record lines switch, jumper position, it should not be changed. For more than polarization control inspection, or swap components on-board when the attention of all components tag in order to avoid disorder, with the result that a good board should not work also.
(10) investigated the power circuit board configurations and types, according to the required inspection can be powered separately or all of power. Should pay attention to high-pressure, and some direct access to high-voltage circuit board, or board has high-voltage generator, in need of appropriate insulation, should pay special attention to the operation.
4 CNC machine tools boot debugging
CNC machine tools is a high technology machinery and instruments of integration tools, the user to buy a CNC machine tool whether the correct safety boot, debugging is a crucial move. This step is the correct decision in large CNC machine tools that can exert Units normal economic efficiency and service life of its own, which is CNC machine tool manufacturers and users of the factory are very important issues. CNC machine tools boot, debugging the following steps should be carried out.
4.1 prior to the appearance of electricity inspection
(1) Open the machine tool inspection machine appliances electric control box, check the relays, contactors, fuses, servo motor speed control unit socket, the spindle motor speed control unit such as the availability of loose sockets, if loosening should be back to normal state, has locking institutions must be locking connector, adapter box has a machine must check the box on the socket adapter, the availability of loose wiring, has locking bodies must be locked.
(2) CNC electric box to check door open CNC electric box to check all types of socket interface, servo motor feedback line socket, the spindle pulse generator socket, hand pulse generator socket, CRT sockets, etc., if loose to re-plugged, Has locking bodies must be locked. Printed circuit board in accordance with the instructions to check all the settings for the situation of short-circuit terminals must be in line with the machine tool manufacturing plant set up a state, there are incorrect should be re-instated, under normal circumstances do not re-instated, but users must be on the short-circuit terminal settings do a good job in the state of original records.
(3) Quality Inspection inspect all wiring the terminal block. Including the strength of electric machine assembly plant on its own terminal and the electrical wiring of the power cord terminals, each terminal must be used with fastening rotating once, until the use of a rotary screw fixed date, all the electrical sockets must be tightened.
(4) solenoid valve solenoid valve check all hands must be promoted several times in order to prevent a long time is not caused by electricity adverse action, such as abnormal, should be prepared records, to prepare for power after the confirmation be repaired or replaced.
(5) check the check all limit switch limit switch moves the flexible and fixed it firmly and found that the adverse action is not solid or fixed should be addressed immediately.
(6) Operation panel buttons and switches for inspections of the operation panel buttons, switches, wiring lights and found that an error should be dealt with immediately, inspection unit on CRT socket and wiring.
(7) Ground inspection requirements have a good ground wire, ground wire measuring machine, grounding resistance should not greater than 1Ω.
(8) power supply phase sequence check sequence table used to check phase sequence of input power, input power to confirm the phase sequence and machine tool calibration throughout the power phase sequence should be absolutely consistent. Secondary Wiring has the equipment, such as power transformers, the secondary wiring must confirm the consistency of the phase sequence. To ensure that throughout the phase sequence is absolutely correct. Supply voltage to be measured at this time, do a good job records.
4.2 machine connected to the total voltage
(1) the total power supply connected to machine tools, inspection CNC electric box, spindle motor cooling fans, machine tool cooling fan electrical box steering is correct, lubrication, hydraulic oil, etc., as well as signs in the machine tool lighting and whether it is normal, the fuse has no damage, if any abnormal power failure should immediately overhaul, no abnormality can continue.
(2) measurement of the various parts of strong electric voltage, especially for the CNC and servo power unit used in the initial-level voltage transformer and to prepare themselves Record.
(3) to observe whether or not oil spills, especially for the turret to place cards tight, and the shift spindle chuck tight cards, etc. of the hydraulic cylinder and solenoid valve. If oil spills should be immediately repaired or replaced blackout.
Box 4.3 CNC electric power
(1) CNC electricity power button, power supply connected to CNC to observe the CRT display, until the normal screen. If the ALARM display, it should be looking for fault and ruled out at this time should be re-sent to check the electricity.
(2) Open CNC power, in accordance with the relevant information on the test terminal give the location of measurement at all levels of voltage, bias has to be adjusted to a given value, and to prepare themselves Record.
(3) the state of switches placed in appropriate locations, such as Japan FANUC system should be placed in MDI, and choose to go to the page parameter. Bit-by-one by one to check the parameters, these parameters should be consistent with random brought in line with the parameter table. Such as are found inconsistent parameters, should understand the significance of various parameters and then decide whether or not to modify, such as backlash compensation value may be inconsistent with the parameter table, which in the actual processing can be modified at any time.
(4) the state of selector switch placed in the JOG position, will move the speed on the most low-grade, respectively positive and negative direction of the coordinates to move the operation, and simultaneously to move the hand according to the direction of the corresponding super-way protection switch, verify the reliability of its protective role, and then carry out the super-slow-way test, to verify the installation of ultra-way collision block is correct.
(5) will be placed in a state of switch back to zero position, the completion of the operation back to zero, the reference point return movements are not completed will not be able to carry out other operations. In such cases therefore should first carry out this operation, then we will proceed to item (4) operation.
(6) will be placed in a state of switch JOG position or MDI position, manually change file test will verify the minimum spindle speed control switch on the location of the file to the main axis of positive tests, observation of the spindle and the speed of operation show the correctness, and then gradually speed up to the highest speed, to observe the functioning of the stability of the spindle.
(7) manual rail lubrication test, so have a good rail lubrication.
(8) changes gradually shift ultra-fast transfer switch and the feed rate switch, to move the tool carrier at random to observe the correctness of the speed of change.
4.4 MDI test
(1) measuring the actual speed of the spindle lock switch on the machine connected to the location, using manual data entry instructions, carry out arbitrary variable spindle files, variable-speed test, measuring the actual spindle speed, spindle speed and observe the displayed value, adjust its error should be limited to within 5%.
(2) conducted or knife Block turret election knife test its purpose is to examine the knife block, or are, inversion and the correctness of positioning accuracy.
(3) function tests in accordance with the order situation is different, different functions can be made under the specific circumstances of each functional test. To prevent accidents from happening, the best first test machine is locked, and then open up a pilot machine.
(4) EDIT function tests will be placed in a state of EDIT selector switch position, to produce one easy process, as much as possible, including various functions and auxiliary functions of command instructions, mobile dimension to the largest machine tool stroke is limited, the procedure at the same time increase delete and modify.
(5) the state of the tests will be automatically locked machine, with the preparation of operating procedures and air test, to verify the correctness of the procedure, and then open up machine tools, feed rate, respectively, switches, ultra-fast transfer switch, spindle speed overshoot many switch kinds of changes in machine tool switches in the above circumstances a variety of changes in full operation, after the overshoot at switch 100% office to enable the full operation of machine tools to observe the work of the whole are normal.
At this point, a numerical control machine tool to be finished debugging boot.
5 After the repair debug technology deal
At the scene after the repair, maintenance records should be carefully filled out a list of essential spare parts list, set up user profiles for the failure time, the phenomenon of diagnostic methods, the use of scheduling methods so that if there should be a detailed record of the remaining issues, such not only for each fault are well documented, but also the accumulation of repair experience.
Above repair techniques for numerical control system as described in nearly a hundred years we are the number of control system debugging and maintenance experience. Although a wide range of numerical control system, fault is ever changing methods of repair are not the same, it is difficult to make a short reference, but we still wish to put some of the basic methods and ideas to write out, and everyone can communicate with a view to raise awareness of CNC system emphasis on repair techniques, repair techniques and results of the direct purpose is to enable the numerical control system to resume normal operation, thus ensuring the smooth progress of production. At present, numerical control technology in our country is rapidly infiltrate to the industrial sector, with the development of electronic technology, numerical control technology in the national economy also increases, then for an important component of the CNC Technology - CNC System repair techniques should also adapt quickly to the rapid development of numerical control technology requirements, as a numerical control system maintenance and technical personnel, they should be constantly learning and mastering new knowledge and technology, looking for a new diagnosis of repair methods and means to promote a few control system repair technology development and make due contributions.

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